C. the British Royal Air Force The 1951 Convention defines the obligations of signatory nations to refugees, and vice versa. Hundreds of thousands of liberated Jews, suffering from starvation and disease, emerged from concentration camps, hiding places, and places of temporary refuge to discover a world which still seemed to have no place for them. D) victory over the Axis Powers abroad and discrimination at home. Congress demanded an immediate end to the war He wanted to keep the other Allies busy so he could divide Eastern Europe as he saw fit. B) the establishment of the U.N. Security Council. c) it maintained control of the Philippines. It allowed Germany to attack Poland with having to fight on two fronts. Truman particularly criticized the fact that the bill restricted eligibility to people who had entered Germany, Austria, or Italy prior to December 22, 1945, effectively discriminating against Jewish displaced persons, many of whom had been in the Soviet zone of occupation and only traveled to western Europe later. The initial purpose of the Nazi concentration camps was supposedly to C) They felt it would divert too many resources away from their military operations elsewhere. C. He created the American Red Cross to assist soldiers and their families. According to Roosevelt, what principles was the United States fighting for? B. less denouncement C. opposition to policies requiring racial segregation of factory workers. D. Japanese Americans recruited from internment camps in the Southwest, Which promise made at the Yalta Conference did Stalin ultimately renege on? President Roosevelt helped increase employment opportunities for African Americans when he B) limited the number of Jewish refugees allowed entry into the United States. Wallace was born on January 9, 1922 in Salt Lake City, Utah and registered for the draft on June 30, 1942. A. the Allied naval forces "As the war continued, the economy weakened, leaving most working American families poor." A. acknowledged Presumably, the agreement to safeguard the identity of these persons was intentional, as some of the interviewees worked for the Federal government and/or otherwise required anonymity in order to participate. Which area on the map received the MOST aid from the U.S. prior to 1942? After a day the incident, on 8th September 1941, United States President Franklin Delano Roosevelt declared war on Japan and made its first entry into WW2. A. to rescue U.S. prisoners of war who were being held captive there C. holding free elections in Eastern Europe after the war. Millions of men and women entered military service and saw parts of the world they would likely never have seen otherwise. "My uncle worked as a ship builder and told me about how President Roosevelt nationalized the shipping and shipbuilding industries." d.) C. the Lend-Lease Act Which of these events helped increase world support for the establishment of Israel? Invite students to reflect on why it matters who tells our stories as they view a documentary film about the profound courage and resistance of the Oyneg Shabes in the Warsaw ghetto. Ships that arrived at 11 p.m. on August 31, for instance, could be fined for bringing passengers from countries where the quota had already been filled; one hour later, on September 1, the passengers could enter under newly opened quota slots. A. What was the most important factor in Truman's decision to drop the first atomic bomb at Hiroshima? C) World War I and the Spanish Civil War National Expansion and Reform, 1815 - 1880, Great Depression and World War II, 1929-1945. . a.) B) She thinks suffering always comes to a close. . founded the United Service Organizations. D) They felt it more prudent to use diplomatic means to shut down the camps. They feature a wide diversity of opinion concerning the war and other social and political issues of the day, such as racial prejudice and labor disputes. "We were informed that our corporation would remain subject to antitrust regulations." C. B) the course of the war turned in favor of the Axis Powers. The result is a portrait of everyday life in America as the United States entered World War II. a.) ", Choose the statement that accurately reflects the relationship between private business and the federal government during World War II. purchasing government war bonds. A. "The federal government encouraged us to continue producing consumer goods to keep American citizens happy. Sources. B) victory over the Axis Powers and the Soviet Union D. In the final phases of World War II in Europe, his decisive victory at the Battle of Guadalcanal. Why was Stalin more supportive of an Allied invasion of France than Roosevelt and Churchill? "My factory converted its production lines to produce bombers, and we hired more workers. c.) . B. D. The U.S. rejected Japan's demand of expansion. The American forces joined the Soviet forces for a joint assault on Berlin. As a result, relations with Latin-American nations improved substantially under Hoover, an anti-imperialist. the Central Intelligence Agency. At the Potsdam Conference, the his successful campaigns in North Africa and Sicily. This online presentation includes one essay: "Making and Maintaining the Original Recordings." This online presentation also includes a set of interviews conducted in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. "My father got hired at Henry Ford's plant building B-24 bombers, and he managed to save enough money to buy a family car. The 1941 recordings were made as a part of the the Library of Congress' Radio Research Project. ", Choose the statement that describes an economic consequence of the United States as an "arsenal of democracy." A. Isolationists thought aid would bring us into war; interventionists thought aid would keep us out of the war. After the United States entered World War II: a) Americans saw little military action for the first few months of 1942. b) Americans immediately won several key battles. B) the creation of a five-member Security Council. C) Allied Powers agreed to divide Germany into four zones of occupation. "I was outraged when the government nationalized my business and forced us to produce war material." The postwar world also presented Americans with a number of problems and issues. The Battle of Midway is considered one of the major turning points of the war because After the United States entered World War II Congress acted to provide for the expedited naturalization of noncitizens serving honorably in the U.S. Armed Forces. A. c.) Franklin Delano Roosevelt was the president of the United States for the majority of this time, from 1933 to 1945. Why did the Allies decide to wage a campaign in North Africa rather than the European mainland? The Corps offered scholarships for tuition and fees, stipends, and uniforms to women ages 17-35 who went . Japanese Americans were allowed to serve in the military. How does Donne's tone in this meditation support the point he is trying to make? How were the Allies able to keep the planned invasion at Normandy a secret from the Nazis? How did the countrys reasons for fighting the war, as articulated by Roosevelt, differ from those of Germany. B. B) save lives. Hours later, the United States declared war on both countries. B. a victory by Filipino soldiers over the Japanese. 100 Raoul Wallenberg Place, SW a.) B. a pact signed by Great Britain, France, and the United States agreeing to declare war on Germany and divide its lands after the war D) the signing of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. In March 1980, Congress passed the Refugee Act of 1980, expressing that it is the historic policy of the United States to respond to the urgent needs of persons subject to persecution in their homelands. The Act laid out the procedures for the admission of refugees into the United States and how the US would fulfill its obligations as a signatory of the United Nations Refugee Protocol. "Despite wartime mobilization, we continued to feel the negative effects of the Great Depression. We are now in the midst of a war, not for conquest, not for vengeance, but for a world in which this Nation, and all that this Nation represents, will be safe for our children. The act allowed approximately 190,000 refugees, escapees, and expellees to arrive in the United States before the legislation expired in 1956. Five million women entered the workforce between 1940-1945. C) transform "undesirables" into productive members of society. D. a German airborne force who rescued Mussolini from a mountaintop fortress in Italy. He feared it would leave Britain vulnerable to a deadly German counter-offensive. In this way, refugees and immigrants were still tied together in US immigration law. Students connect themes from the film to Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie's concept of single stories," and then consider what it would take to tell more equitable and accurate narratives. He said, in part: The course that Japan has followed for the past ten years in Asia has paralleled the course of Hitler and Mussolini in Europe and in Africa. More colleges and universities were built in the United States. B. the refusal of the U.S. to trade any natural resources with Japan. The United States did not sign the 1951 Refugee Convention. Even as the war consumed large portions of Europe and Asia in the late 1930s . Choose the statement that describes a cause of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. "Corporations and business owners used the assembly line to tackle production on a massive scale. . c.) A. d.) Japan had also developed the atomic bomb "We arranged sit-ins and other protests around Washington, D.C., as a part of our Double V Campaign." Small but significant named World War II US Navy Corpsman grouping named to Wallace H. Fritsch, who served on Peleliu during World War II. 1. The Tuskegee Airmen were Savage fighting and heavy American casualties occurred in the battles on Iwo Jima and Okinawa. D) the division of Germany into communist and non-communist sectors. By 1948, a new form of international tension had emerged--Cold War--between the United States and its allies and the Soviet Union and its allies. laborers migrated from Mexico to work in factories in the North. 4. Why were Japanese Americans interned during World War II? D. B. It was scattered and disorganized. Why do you think Roosevelt compared the Germans to gangsters? A) the end of the Great Depression. On November 25, 1936, a month after Germany and Italy entered into a treaty of friendship, Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan signed the Anti . As a result, the quota for the British Isles rose from 34,007 to 65,721, while the quota for Germany fell significantly, from 51,227 to 25,957. When did the United States enter World War I? What demographic effects did the war have on northern cities such as Detroit and Chicago? How did the United States government and American people respond to Nazism? In the end, the United States was forced into the war on December 7th, 1941 when Japan surprise attack the United States at Pearl Harbor. A. Why did Roosevelt and the other Allied leaders decide to pursue a "Europe First" strategy in the war? strategically bombing Germany's major industrial centers. Civil rights march on Wash[ington], D.C. / [WKL]. Adolf Hitler declares war against the United States. April 6, 1917 How did WACs contribute to the American war effort? B. Interventionists finally agreed with the isolationist position. c.) A) process the forced deportation of German Jews to other countries. US consulates in Nazi-occupied territory shut down in July 1941. D. intercept enemy intelligence and relay it to the troops on the frontlines. b.) C. What was the primary goal of the U.S. strategy of "island hopping" in the Pacific? As a result, the quota for the British Isles rose from 34,007 to 65,721, while the quota for Germany fell significantly, from 51,227 to 25,957. The most pressing threat, the Allieds decided in the beginning, was Hitler's Germany. e) no Americans were taken prisoner by the Japanese. C. Isolationists thought aid would help end the Depression; interventionists thought aid would prolong the Depression. Polling also showed that more Americans supported immigration limits on Jewish DPs than on Germans who had left their homes fleeing Soviet occupation. Choose which phrase was a factor in President Truman's decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan. C) She maintains an optimistic view of humankind. C.The German economy was strained, and Hitler began his forced labor camps. Question 9. A) United States revealed its plan to use the atomic bomb. The United States signed the United Nations Refugee Protocol on November 6, 1968. . The 1951 Convention only applied to persons who became refugees as a result of events occurring [in Europe] before 1 January 1951. These limits in time and geography were in place until 1967, when the Refugee Protocol expanded refugee protection to people fleeing persecution worldwide on a more permanent basis. Those who have committed crimes against peace, war crimes, or non-political crimes outside of their country of refuge, are not eligible for refugee status. . We are now to a certain extent protected on our flanks. A. individual liberties A. more denouncement A. collect money for the war effort through the sale of war bonds. A. b.) Before the Holocaust, approximately how much of Europe's Jewish population lived in Poland? D) three quarters, The Jewish population of Romania was reduced by approximately The Pearl Harbor attack The Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor began just before 8 a.m. local time Sunday morning, December 7, 1941. To seize islands vital to Japanese transportation and communication. forcing Italy to surrender and change sides. The gap in the labor force created by departing soldiers meant opportunities for women. b.) C) the policy of putting Jews into concentration camps. The United Nations 1951 Refugee Convention granted legal protection to refugees but placed limitations on qualifying for refugee status. D. They created a decoy army using cardboard tanks across the Channel from Calais. D. through the enlistment of volunteers to work government jobs. The Library of Congress offers classroom materials and professional development to help teachers effectively use primary sources from the Library's vast digital collections in their teaching. . Allied victory brought an end to Nazi terror in Europe in May 1945, and to the war in the Pacific in August. D. General Marshall was too valuable to remove from his position as Army Chief of Staff. They used a secret Navajo code in all communications related to the invasion. Approximately 80,000 Jewish DPs entered the United States between 1948 and 1952 under the Displaced Persons Act. World War I was the deadliest conflict until that point in human history, claiming tens of millions of casualties on all sides. C. He worried it would fail because the German U-boat presence in the English Channel was too strong. d) Americans experienced a series of military losses. B. the economy failed to improve. The project's staff believed that most commercial radio broadcasts of the day were dominated by programs created in the great urban centers and that these programs failed to reflect regional culture, local talent, and, in particular, the voices of the people speaking in their own words. Students reflect on the unit as a whole and begin to write a strong thesis statement for their essay. There were several well-publicized cases of Japanese American spies being caught operating in the United States. B. D. C. an African American air squadron that conducted bombing raids over Europe. d.) a.) a.) D. to destroy Japan's most important naval outpost and eliminate their ability to launch further airstrikes, Americans on the home front demonstrated their patriotism and helped combat shortages by D. The only editing redacted interviewee names from several recordings and removed Leadbelly's two songs for which permissions have not yet been received. preventing Soviet intervention in the region. Why were Jewish refugees on the ocean liner St. Louis turned away while trying to enter the United States in 1939? b.) D) the ratification of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The International Refugee Organization (IRO), a temporary specialized agency of the newly established United Nations, was created in December 1946 to replace the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) and the Intergovernmental Committee on Refugees (IGC), which had originally been created during the Evian Conference in 1938. Throughout the 1930s, most Americans opposed changing or adjusting the Johnson-Reed Act, fearing that immigrants, including those fleeing persecution, would compete for scarce jobs and burden public services in the midst of the Great Depression. A. defectors from the Soviet Union. The IRO also operated the International Tracing Service whose purpose was to help survivors find their families and learn the fate of loved ones. banned resident aliens from owning property. Planning for the post-World War II world began before the United States even entered the conflict. 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